HUMAN RIGHTS OVERVIEW

Violence in Argentina’s overcrowded prisons worsened in 2005. Guard brutality, which has been especially well documented in Buenos Aires province, is widespread and shows no signs of diminishing.
Prosecutors continue to investigate the systematic violations of human rights committed under military rule (1976-1983). In June 2005, in an historic decision, the Supreme Court declared the “Full Stop” and “Due Obedience” laws to be unconstitutional, removing the remaining legal obstacles to these trials.

According to the Provincial Commission of Memory, a governmental body, three prisoners were killed every week in Buenos Aires province through March 2005, triple the level of violence in 2004. Prisoners in other provinces also suffer from overcrowding, deplorable conditions, and inmate violence. Eight people were killed, including five prisoners, two guards, and a police officer, in a prison riot in February 2005 in a prison in Córdoba province. Built to hold fewer than one thousand inmates, the prison was holding over 1,700 at the time. Two months later, thirteen inmates died in an inter-prisoner clash in the Instituto Correccional Modelo in the city of Coronda, Santa Fe province. According to official reports, eleven died of gunshot wounds, and two were burned alive.

A third deadly riot claimed thirty-two lives in October after a fire broke out in the Magdalena prison in Buenos Aires province. While the fire was started by clashing prisoners, some reports allege that fire extinguishers in the prison did not function and firefighters never entered the prison to battle the blaze.

The vast majority of inmates in Argentine prisons have not yet been tried. As of February 2005, only 11 percent of inmates in the province of Buenos Aires had been sentenced. Pretrial detention facilities are grossly inadequate. According to the Center for Legal and Social Studies (CELS), a respected human rights organization, 5,951 detainees in Buenos Aires province were being held in crowded police lockups in April 2005 for lack of regular prison accommodation.

In May 2005, the Supreme Court of Justice declared that all prisons in the country must abide by the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners. The court was ruling on a collective habeas corpus petition lodged by CELS in 2001 on behalf people held in prisons and police lockups in Buenos Aires province. In August 2004 Human Rights Watch, the International Commission of Jurists, and the World Organization against Torture presented an amicus curiae brief in support of the petition. In December 2004 the Supreme Court held a public hearing on the issue, the first ever in a human rights case, in which CELS, Human Rights Watch, and the provincial government of Buenos Aires participated. In addition to declaring the U.N. rules to be national minimum standards, the court required that police lockups be barred from detaining children under age eighteen or sick people.

Reference:
gs.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/4/4/479
www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/ AMR01/008/1996/en/dom-AMR010081996en.pdf -Páginas similares
http://www.hrw.org

Bernardo Alberto Houssay

Argentine physiologist and corecipient, with Carl and Gerty Cori, of the 1947 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. He was noted for discovering how pituitary hormones regulate the amount of blood sugar (glucose) in animals.

Working with dogs that had been rendered diabetic by excision of the pancreas (1924–37), Houssay found that removal of the adenohypophysis (the anterior, or frontal, lobe of the pituitary body, located beneath the brain) greatly relieved the symptoms of the disease and made the animal unusually sensitive to insulin. He demonstrated that injection of pituitary extracts into normal animals induces diabetes by increasing the amount of sugar in the blood, indicating that the secretions of the gland oppose the action of insulin.

Appointed a professor of physiology in 1910 and the director of the physiological institute at the University of Buenos Aires in 1919, Houssay was one of 150 Argentine educators dismissed from their posts by the 1943 military coup of General Juan Perón. Although he was reinstated in 1945, he was asked to submit his resignation a year later. He founded (1944) and directed (from 1946) the privately funded Institute of Biology and Experimental Medicine in Buenos Aires, a leading physiological research centre. His best-known book is Human Physiology (1951).

reference: http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9041208/Bernardo-Alberto-Houssay

NEW DEADLY SINS: POLLUTION IN ARGENTINE

ENVIRONMENT

Argentina suffers from various types of pollution. Diesel buses contribute to poor air quality, but private vehicles and taxis contribute also. Factories are another source. Just as motor vehicles cause urban air pollution, they also produce most of its noise pollution. Buses and motorcycles are the worst offenders.

Cities also produce huge amounts of garbage. In 2001 for example, Buenos Aires generated more than 400,000 tons of solid waste per month. All of this garbage has to be dealt with and the city government is seeking to create a landfill near the city of Olavarria, 400km to the southwest.

SOIL CONSERVATION AND DEFORESTATION

Centuries of livestock activities, both grazing and trampling have caused serious erosion problems. Even today, some national parks have been unable to eliminate grazing within their boundaries. The biggest problems though, are in the northern subtropical forests. In Misiones Province, commercial farms have cut down much of the rainforest. In Jujuy and Salta Provinces, the cloud forest on the edge of the Andes is also in danger from commercial interests.

ANA(anorexia) Y MIA(bulimia) DE BIGGEST PROBLEM IN THE SOCIETY TODAY.

Bulimia and anorexia are one of the most dangerous illnes that affect our sciety nowadays. People with anorexia have an extreme fear of weight gain and a distorted view of their body size and shape. As a result, they can't maintain a normal body weight. Some people with anorexia restrict their food intake by dieting, fasting, or excessive exercise. Bulimia is similar to anorexia. With bulimia, a person binge eats (eats a lot of food) and then tries to compensate in extreme ways, such as forced vomiting or excessive exercise, to prevent weight gain. Over time, these steps can be dangerous.

First of all, many people think that Many people who develop an eating disorder are between 13 and 17 years old. This is a time of emotional and physical changes, academic pressures, and a greater degree of peer pressure. Although there is a sense of greater independence during the teen years, teens might feel that they are not in control of their personal freedom and, sometimes, of their bodies, and it ocassioned that today this kind of illnes ocupade the one of first position that affect the young people in special girls.

On the other hand, some experts argue that Many people with eating disorders also can be depressed or anxious, or have other mental health problems such as obsessive-compulsive disorder . There is also evidence that eating disorders may run in families. Also many girls felt in this kind of illnes because they have a influence of the mass media whith the perfect image of celebrities.

About this problem i think that today mor huís seeking help eating desorders. Huís with eating desorders tend to focus more on athletic appearance or cussess than on just looking thin. On the other hand i think that is very important that the mass media change thir concept of beauty, because sell the same idea to the young people and it generate big problems like we can see in our